What is Elizabeth's motivation for lying about John's affair?

Elizabeth's motivation for lying about John's affair primarily stems from her desire to protect her husband, John Proctor. Throughout the play, it is evident that Elizabeth deeply cares for John and is grappling with her feelings of betrayal and loyalty. When John confesses to the affair and the truth is at stake, Elizabeth chooses to lie in order to shield him from the repercussions of his past actions, demonstrating her commitment to their marriage and her unwillingness to expose him further.

Her decision reflects the complex nature of their relationship, as well as the societal pressures and consequences they face in the Puritan community where honor and reputation are paramount. By lying, Elizabeth believes she is safeguarding John from the wrath of the court and from Abigail, who seeks to manipulate the situation for her own gain. This motivation underscores themes of sacrifice and the moral dilemmas characters face throughout the play, highlighting the tragic consequences of deceit and loyalty in an environment rife with hysteria.