Who lied in court about John's relationship with Abigail?

Elizabeth Proctor lied in court about John's relationship with Abigail to protect her husband and maintain his reputation. She was fiercely loyal to John and believed that, if she revealed the truth about their past affair, it would damage his standing and possibly lead to his conviction or even death. Her intention was to shield John from the malicious intentions of Abigail, who was using their past relationship to manipulate the court and eliminate Elizabeth out of jealousy.

Elizabeth's lie is a pivotal moment in the play, as it not only shows her commitment to John, but also highlights the tragic consequences of deception in a society rife with hysteria and distrust. This act ultimately leads to greater misunderstandings in the court, showcasing the devastating effects of the witch trials on personal relationships and the community at large.