Why does John Proctor refuse to sign his confession?

John Proctor's refusal to sign his confession is rooted deeply in his moral integrity and personal principles. By choosing not to betray others, Proctor is demonstrating a commitment to honesty and a repudiation of the corrupt system surrounding him. Throughout the play, he grapples with the implications of his sins and the weight of his own conscience, which ultimately leads him to reject the idea of signing a false confession that would serve to validate the hysteria and injustice of the court.

His decision is also influenced by a desire to maintain his dignity and honor in the eyes of his family and the community. Signing the confession would not only tarnish his own name but would also implicate others in a lie, contributing to the ongoing cycle of fear and betrayal. Proctor's refusal is, therefore, a powerful act of defiance in the face of societal pressure, as he prioritizes his principles over his life, signifying a personal redemption that he seeks as a result of his past mistakes.

Ultimately, by refusing to sign, Proctor chooses to stand by the truth, even at the cost of his own life, highlighting the themes of integrity, guilt, and the struggle against oppression in "The Crucible."